Trade and Price effect of non-tariff measures in fruits trade

Abstract

This paper uses two different approaches of the gravity model (value and price approach) in order to investigate the effects of non-tariff measures (NTMs) in international fruits trade. Through the value approach, we obtain information on the trade value impact of NTMs. Through the price approach, we derive directly the trade cost effect of these NTMs. The difference between both approaches allows understanding any market creating effect of NTMs.