Valorizing Ibericus traditional melons for organic farming: Crop limitations, use of grafting, and impact on agronomic performance and fruit quality

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dc.contributor.authorFlores León, Alejandro
dc.contributor.authorLópez Martín, María
dc.contributor.authorGarcía Martínez, Santiago
dc.contributor.authorGonzález García, Vicente
dc.contributor.authorGarcés Claver, Ana
dc.contributor.authorCebolla Cornejo, Jaime
dc.contributor.authorValcárcel, Mercedes
dc.contributor.authorJulián Lagunas, Carmen
dc.contributor.authorSifres, Alicia
dc.contributor.authorValcárcel, José Vicente
dc.contributor.authorDíez, María José
dc.contributor.authorLópez, Carmelo
dc.contributor.authorFerriol, María
dc.contributor.authorGisbert, Carmina
dc.contributor.authorRuiz Martínez, Juan José
dc.contributor.authorPérez de Castro, Ana
dc.contributor.authorPicó, Belén
dc.contributor.funderAgencia Estatal de Investigación
dc.contributor.funderGeneralitat Valenciana
dc.contributor.orcidGarcés Claver, Ana [0000-0002-6727-5928]
dc.contributor.orcidJulián Lagunas, Carmen [0000-0001-6778-3343]
dc.date.accessioned2025-10-21T12:16:53Z
dc.date.available2025-10-21T12:16:53Z
dc.date.issued2025-10-21
dc.date.updated2025-10-20T12:30:34Z
dc.description.abstractMelon (Cucumis melo L.) is a major crop in Spain, where traditional cultivars of the Ibericus group, selected by local farmers over centuries, are still grown for local markets and self-consumption. These landraces are valuable for organic and sustainable farming, but their productivity is limited by biotic and abiotic stresses. Understanding the limiting factors is essential to guide cultural or genetic strategies that help mitigate their impact. This study evaluated the agronomic performance and fruit quality of 17 Ibericus cultivars, cultivated as non-grafted and grafted onto commercial Cucurbita and experimental Cucumis rootstocks. Trials were conducted over two years in three contrasting organic fields: (i) a non-stressed location without prior melon cultivation, (ii) a pathogen and virus-prone location with a long melon-growing history, and (iii) a site with saline conditions. Viral (WMV, CMV, CABYV, ToLCNDV), powdery mildew, and soilborne pathogens (Macrophomina phaseolina, Neocosmospora spp., Fusarium spp.) severely affected yield. While salinity had minimal impact on yield, it increased SSC in Piel de Sapo, Amarillo, and Rochet cultivars. Under extreme salinity and low rainfall, pathogen dynamics changed, affecting plant development. Grafting reduced plant mortality and increased yield across cultivars, though rootstocks varied in their pathogen resistance profiles. Cucumis rootstocks, especially F1Pat81, maintained fruit quality better than Cucurbita. Varieties 03PS ('Piel de Sapo'), 22AM-GO ('Amarillo'), and 32BL ('Blanco') demonstrated favourable performance under saline conditions, particularly when grafted onto F1Pat81 or Cucurbita rootstocks, and are recommended for organic farming. Overall, traditional Ibericus melons demonstrate strong potential for organic systems; however, breeding for improved pathogen resistance and rootstock optimization remains essential to promote their cultivation.
dc.description.peerreviewedSi
dc.description.sponsorshipEste trabajo ha sido financiado por las subvenciones PROMETEO/2017/078, PROMETEO/2021/072 y PROMETEO, y CIPROM/2024/53 (para promover grupos de excelencia) financiadas por la Conselleria d’Educació, Cultura, Universitats i Ocupació (Generalitat Valenciana, España) y las subvenciones PID2020–116055RB-C21 y C22 financiadas por MICIN/AEI 10.13039/501100011033, y PID2023-151202OB-C21 financiadas por MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 y por FEDER, UE. AFL es beneficiario de una beca predoctoral de la Generalitat Valenciana.
dc.identifier.citationFlores-León, A., López-Martín, M., García-Martínez, S., González, V., Garcés-Claver, A., Cebolla-Cornejo, J., Valcárcel, M., Julián, C., Sifres, A., Valcárcel, J. V., Díez, M. J., López, C., Ferriol, M., Gisbert, C., Ruiz, J. J., Pérez-de-Castro, A., & Picó, B. (2025). Valorizing Ibericus traditional melons for organic farming: Crop limitations, use of grafting, and impact on agronomic performance and fruit quality. Scientia Horticulturae, 352, 114437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114437
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114437
dc.identifier.issn0304-4238
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10532/7880
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherElsevier B.V.
dc.relationinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2020-116055RB-C22/ES/CONTROL MULTIDISCIPLINAR DE LAS PERDIDAS CAUSADAS POR ENFERMEDADES Y SEQUIA EN MELON Y SANDIA/DISDROMEWA
dc.relationinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2023-151202OB-C22/ES/AVANCES EN EL CONTROL MULTIDISCIPLINAR Y SOSTENIBLE DE LAS ENFERMEDADES DEL MELON Y LA SANDIA Y EL DEFICIT/ HIDRICO/WAMEDISS
dc.relation.citaSi
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Spainen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/
dc.subject.agrovocCucumis melo
dc.subject.agrovocVariedad indígena
dc.subject.agrovocAgricultura orgánica
dc.subject.agrovocSalinidad del suelo
dc.subject.agrovocResistencia a la enfermedad
dc.subject.agrovocPortainjerto
dc.subject.agrovocRendimiento de cultivos
dc.subject.sdgHambre cero
dc.subject.sdgProducción y consumo responsables
dc.subject.sdgAcción por el clima
dc.titleValorizing Ibericus traditional melons for organic farming: Crop limitations, use of grafting, and impact on agronomic performance and fruit quality
dc.typetexto
dc.typerevista
dc.typeartículo
dc.typeartículo original

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