How Warmer and Drier Conditions Drive Forest Dieback and Tree Death: A Review and Conceptual Model for Silver Fir

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dc.contributor.authorGil Pelegrín, Eustaquio
dc.contributor.authorPeguero Pina, José Javier
dc.contributor.authorSancho Knapik, Domingo
dc.contributor.authorArrechea, Enrique
dc.contributor.authorCamarero Martínez, Jesús Julio
dc.contributor.funderAgencia Estatal de Investigación
dc.contributor.funderGobierno de Aragón
dc.contributor.orcidPeguero Pina, José Javier [0000-0002-8903-2935]
dc.contributor.orcidSancho Knapik, Domingo [0000-0001-9584-7471]
dc.date.accessioned2025-11-06T11:43:27Z
dc.date.available2025-11-06T11:43:27Z
dc.date.issued2025-10-29
dc.date.updated2025-11-04T08:13:32Z
dc.description.abstractAgricultural and ecological systems are threatened by extreme and compound climate extremes such as hotter droughts. These events are characterized by elevated maximum temperatures, leading to atmospheric drought, and reduced precipitation, leading to soil drought. Such conditions reduce plant productivity and are increasing mortality trees in forests worldwide. Some forest types are particularly vulnerable to hotter droughts such as some European mountain silver fir (Abies alba) forests. However, we still lack conceptual frameworks linking hotter droughts and rising VPD with growth decline and tree death. This review elucidates physiological responses to drought in conifers with a focus on silver fir. In silver fir declining populations, prolonged stomatal closure under elevated VPD can lead to reduced growth, and impaired xylem development, potentially triggering positive feedback that exacerbates hydraulic limitations. We also review the ecological significance of xylem vulnerability to embolism, identifying the critical water potential thresholds that determine silver fir survival and hydraulic failure risk under soil water deficit. These findings underscore the importance of both atmospheric and soil drought as physiological stressors causing forest decline, and highlight the need for further research into adaptive strategies and early warning indicators in tree species.
dc.description.peerreviewedSi
dc.description.sponsorshipEsta investigación ha sido financiada por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación de España, con los números de subvención PID2021-123675OB-C43 y TED2021-129770B-C21. También agradecemos la financiación del Gobierno de Aragón, con el contrato 20244097, y del grupo de investigación S74_23R.
dc.identifier.citationGil-Pelegrín, E., Peguero-Pina, J. J., Sancho-Knapik, D., Arrechea, E., & Camarero, J. J. (2025). How Warmer and Drier Conditions Drive Forest Dieback and Tree Death: A Review and Conceptual Model for Silver Fir. Plants, 14(21), 3308. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14213308
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/plants14213308
dc.identifier.issn2223-7747
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10532/7945
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relation.citaSi
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Spainen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/
dc.subject.agrovocAbies pectinata
dc.subject.agrovocSequía
dc.subject.agrovocEstrés de sequia
dc.subject.agrovocXilema
dc.subject.agrovocCambio climático
dc.subject.sdgVida de ecosistemas terrestres
dc.subject.sdgAcción por el clima
dc.titleHow Warmer and Drier Conditions Drive Forest Dieback and Tree Death: A Review and Conceptual Model for Silver Fir
dc.typetexto
dc.typerevista
dc.typeartículo
dc.typeartículo original
dc.type.hasVersionversión publicada

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