Previous integrated or organic farming affects productivity and ecosystem N balance rather than fertilizer 15N allocation to plants and soil, leaching, or gaseous emissions (NH3, N2O, and N2)

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dc.contributor.authorKhan, Fawad
dc.contributor.authorFranco Luesma, Samuel
dc.contributor.authorHartmann, Frederik
dc.contributor.authorDannenmann, Michael
dc.contributor.authorGasche, Rainer
dc.contributor.authorScheer, Clemens
dc.contributor.authorGattinger, Andreas
dc.contributor.authorNiether, Wiebke
dc.contributor.authorGachibu Wangari, Elizabeth
dc.contributor.authorMwangada Mwanake, Ricky
dc.contributor.authorKiese, Ralf
dc.contributor.authorWolf, Benjamin
dc.contributor.funderBundesministerium für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft
dc.contributor.orcidFranco Luesma, Samuel [0000-0003-1269-8664]
dc.date.accessioned2025-10-23T11:41:03Z
dc.date.available2025-10-23T11:41:03Z
dc.date.issued2025-01-30
dc.date.updated2025-10-23T09:58:56Z
dc.description.abstractLegumes in crop rotations are considered an ecological intensification management practice to reduce nitrogen (N) losses to the environment. However, studies on N allocation and loss on adjacent sites with the same pedoclimatic conditions but different management histories, i.e. organic farming (OF) with frequent legume cultivation and occasional organic fertilizer input, compared to integrated farming (IF) with synthetic and organic fertilizers, have remained scarce. Here, we quantified field N losses (ammonia, nitrous oxide, dinitrogen, and nitrate leaching), total N balances, and 15N labelled cattle slurry allocation to soil and plants of two adjacent sites over a two-years cropping sequence. While IF had resulted in significantly higher pH and soil organic carbon and N content, the emissions of ammonia, nitrous oxide and dinitrogen after cattle slurry application as well as nitrate leaching were not significantly different across the two farming techniques. Ammonia losses were low for all cultivation periods, indicating that drag hose application and manure incorporation successfully mitigates ammonia emissions. High 15N fertilizer recovery in plants and soil, along with a low share of unrecovered 15N agreed well with the low directly measured N losses. On average, 15N recovery was lower for OF (85 % versus 93 % in IF), likely due to unaccounted N2 emissions which could only be measured within two weeks after fertilizer application, but the high spatial variability of 15N recovery may have turned this difference insignificant. Significantly higher harvest biomass N for IF demonstrated that management history affected productivity through increased soil organic matter mineralization. Due to the higher productivity, the cumulative N balance across all cultivation period was neutral within the limits of the measurement uncertainty for IF (-8 ± 15), indicating an optimized N management. For OF, the N balance across single cultivation period ranged from -19 to 41 kg N ha?¹, thus, the observations of a single cultivation period were inconclusive. The cumulative positive N balance (48 ± 14) across all cultivation periods for OF suggests that more frequent organic fertilizer additions could increase soil N (and carbon) stocks, and finally improve yield. However, the positive N balance, coupled with lower 15N recovery for OF, also points to a higher likelihood of unaccounted N losses, which would, in turn, slow down the accumulation of soil N and C over time.
dc.description.sponsorshipLa investigación fue financiada por el Ministerio Federal de Alimentación y Agricultura (BMEL) de Alemania, con los números de subvención 2220NR083A y 2220NR083B.
dc.identifier.citationKhan, F., Franco Luesma, S., Hartmann, F., Dannenmann, M., Gasche, R., Scheer, C., Gattinger, A., Niether, W., Gachibu Wangari, E., Mwangada Mwanake, R., Kiese, R., & Wolf, B. (2025). Previous integrated or organic farming affects productivity and ecosystem N balance rather than fertilizer 15N allocation to plants and soil, leaching, or gaseous emissions (NH3, N2O, and N2). En: Eguspher Preprint Repository. https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-292
dc.identifier.doi10.5194/egusphere-2025-292
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10532/7883
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherCopernicus GmbH
dc.relation.citaSi
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Spainen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/
dc.subject.agrovocNitrógeno
dc.subject.agrovocSistema de explotación
dc.subject.agrovocEnsilado
dc.subject.agrovocMaíz
dc.subject.agrovocCenteno
dc.subject.agrovocLolium perenne
dc.subject.sdgHambre cero
dc.subject.sdgAcción por el clima
dc.titlePrevious integrated or organic farming affects productivity and ecosystem N balance rather than fertilizer 15N allocation to plants and soil, leaching, or gaseous emissions (NH3, N2O, and N2)
dc.typetexto
dc.typeartículo preliminar
dc.type.hasVersionversión sometida a revisión

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