First case of triple resistance to EPSPS, ALS, and synthetic auxin herbicides in Bassia scoparia (L.) Voss in Europe
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Date
2025-06-26
Authors
Mora, GermánGil Monreal, Miriam
Osuna, María Dolores
Vijayarajan, Vijaya Bhaskar Alwarnaidu
Montull, José María
Llenes, Josep Maria
Recasens, Jordi
Cirujeda Ranzenberger, Alicia
Marí León, Ana Isabel
Torra, Joel
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Elsevier
Typology
texto , revista , artículo , artículo originalAbstract
Bassia scoparia (L.) Voss has evolved resistance to five herbicide modes of action (MoAs) worldwide, including multiple resistance to up to four MoAs. Seeds were collected from a putatively resistant B. scoparia population (GUI-R) that survived successive herbicide applications of synthetic auxins, acetolactate synthase (ALS), and 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) inhibitors in a no-till winter cereal field in Catalonia, Spain, in 2022, to assess resistance levels and mechanisms. Dose-response assays confirmed that GUI-R was 2-, 340-, 42.7-, and 60-fold more resistant to glyphosate, thifensulfuron, MCPA, and 2,4-D, respectively, based on plant weight, and 3.2-, 123-, 57.9-, and 32-fold more resistant based on plant survival. GUI-R showed cross-resistance to imazamox (46 % survival), but not to dicamba or fluroxypyr (100 % mortality), at the label rate. Preliminary studies using malathion pre-treatment, a cytochrome P450 inhibitor, reversed 2,4-D resistance in GUI-R at the label rate, resulting in a 97 % reduction in biomass. Molecular studies revealed that GUI-R has 4.9 additional copies of the EPSPS:ALS gene, with no known mutations and less shikimate accumulation than the susceptible population. ALS gene sequencing identified the Pro197Ser, Pro197Leu, and Trp574Leu mutations, along with a combined Pro197Ser + Trp574Leu mutation. In conclusion, EPSPS gene amplification and ALS mutations confer target-site resistance to glyphosate, thifensulfuron and imazamox in GUI-R. Resistance to 2,4-D and MCPA is probably driven by P450-mediated non-target-site resistance and further research is necessary to confirm mechanisms. This biotype represents the first case of glyphosate resistance in Europe for the species, as well as the first triple resistance.
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Bibliographic citation
Mora, G., Gil-Monreal, M., Osuna, M. D., Vijayarajan, V. B. A., Montull, J. M., Llenes, J. M., Recasens, J., Cirujeda, A., Marí, A. I., & Torra, J. (2025). First case of triple resistance to EPSPS, ALS, and synthetic auxin herbicides in Bassia scoparia (L.) Voss in Europe. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 213, 106529. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106529
AGROVOC subjects
AmaranthaceaeResistencia a los herbicidas
Glifosato
Lactasa
Sponsorship
Los autores agradecen el apoyo del Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades de España (beca Ramón y Cajal RYC2018-023866-I), la Agencia Estatal de Investigación de España (AEI) y el Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional, UE (FEDER) a través del proyecto PID2020-113229RB-C42.